暢廣西 王辰涯 摘要：介紹了一種新型槽式液體分布器，該液體分布器的分布槽呈一倒凸字形結(jié)構(gòu)，主體下部的小槽為緩沖沉降槽，它具有緩和液體沖力、增加液流截面積、降低液流梯度、沉降固體雜物，以及防止固體堵塞液流小孔等作用。主體槽內(nèi)的水平降液面上開有液流小孔，用此簡單結(jié)構(gòu)即可定點(diǎn)分布液體。主槽下部外側(cè)有擋液板，可完成液體的線分布。整個(gè)槽下窄上寬，可減少氣流阻力。新型液體分布器已應(yīng)用到溫度高、液量小、物系臟、易結(jié)焦的原油減壓蒸餾塔洗滌段的改造中。改造后的減四線油的餾程寬度為74℃，色度小于4.5號，為下游裝置提供了較好的潤滑油料。實(shí)踐表明，新型液體分布器具有結(jié)構(gòu)合理、分布均勻、抗堵塞、易加工、易調(diào)平等優(yōu)點(diǎn)，可供工程設(shè)計(jì)中選用。
主題詞：液體 分配槽 填料塔 蒸餾塔 開發(fā) 工業(yè)規(guī)?！?yīng)用 DEVELOPMENTAND APPLICATION OF
TROUGH-TYPE LIQUID DISTRIBUTOR ChangGuangxi,Wang Chenya
Luoyang Petrochemical Engineering Corporation(Luoyang,Henan471003) Abstract A new trough-type liquid distributor withdistributing slot of upside-down convex structure wasintroduced.The small slot at the lower part of the main body is abuffer solt,having effects of buffering liquid impact,increasingsectional area of liquid flow,decreasing liquid flowgradient,precipitating solid fouling as well as preventing solidfrom blocking up the orifice.An orifice was opened at thehorizontal downflow surface in the main slot.With this simpleconfiguration the liquid can be distributed at the fixed location.Abaffle was installed outside the bottom of the main slot,makinglinear distribution of the liquid.The whole slot was shaped upnarrow down and wide upward,capabling of reducing gas flowresistance.The new liquid distributor has been already applied inrevamping of the washing zone in crude vacuum distillation towerwith high temperature,small flowrate,dirt and easy-cokingmaterial.After revamping,the distillation range of the forth-sidevacuum stream was 74℃,the colority was less than 4.5,supplyingsuperior lube-stock for the downstream units.Practice showed thatthe new liquid distributor has advantages of rationalconfiguration,even distribution,resistant to blocking,easymanufacturing and levelling.It can be selected in engineeringdesign.
Keywords liquid distributor,slot,packing tower,distillationtower,development,commercial application 液體分布器是填料塔至關(guān)重要的塔內(nèi)件。液體初始分布的優(yōu)劣，不僅影響填料的端效應(yīng)，而且對規(guī)整填料將影響整個(gè)填料床層。人們希望有較高的初始分布點(diǎn)密度，而分布點(diǎn)密度受噴淋密度的影響，有時(shí)也受物性、工況以及所決定的*小孔徑的影響。減壓蒸餾塔凈洗段噴淋密度小，溫度高，物系臟，易結(jié)焦，要求孔徑不能太小，便屬此種情況。此時(shí)若分布槽內(nèi)液位較低，將給均勻分布帶來困難。下面介紹一種由洛陽石油化工工程公司開發(fā)的新型液體分布器，它已成功地應(yīng)用到工業(yè)裝置中。
1 新型液體分布器的結(jié)構(gòu)分析
新型液體分布器的分布槽結(jié)構(gòu)如圖1所示。分布槽主體呈一倒凸字形結(jié)構(gòu)，主體側(cè)面有兩個(gè)曲面形輔助元件——擋液板，主體下部的小槽為緩沖沉降槽，與其上相連的兩個(gè)平面為降液面。 |
